Social ferment not always reflected in fermentation of artworks
http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/features/20071230-9999-mz1a30art.html
By Robert L. Pincus
UNION-TRIBUNE ART CRITIC
December 30, 2007
In 2004, Richard Serra, renowned throughout the world for massive
sculptures in steel, made an image that circulated widely on the
Internet. The thick black crayon is the same as in his
sculpture-related drawings with their imposing geometric forms. But
this image was of the hooded prisoner from Abu Ghraib who, via
photography, had become an icon of the abuse and torture that Iraqi
inmates suffered there. It also contained two words: "Stop Bush."
Serra was in town last year to install a major work for the Museum of
Contemporary Art San Diego. And asked about the Abu Ghraib image, he
said, "I didn't see it as part of my art. I made it for distribution
on the Internet to express my disgust with Bush."
There is a revealing paradox embedded in his words. Serra isn't shy
about expressing his political views, but his art is concerned with
form, scale, the relationship of art to architecture and range of
other things.
Going back to the 1960s, when Serra came of age as an artist, art and
politics have had a paradoxical relationship. Major movements like
pop art and minimalism, it's been frequently noted, produced cool art
in a heated time.
It's just as true of this decade, another time of immense social
ferment, that political art isn't at the forefront.
As to why it's not, the reasons are complex. Some of it may be the
product of weariness with the idea that political art can have a big
effect on politics. Some of it may be a long-standing reaction
against the prominence of agitprop and the politically correct art,
locally and nationally, in the 1980s and early 1990s.
Homegrown work by the Border Art Workshop/Taller de Arte Fronterizo
and locals like David Avalos, Louis Hock, Deborah Small, Elizabeth
Sisco and Marcos Ramirez (ERRE) attracted a wide audience. The use of
National Endowment for the Arts money to support the creation of "Art
Rebate/Arte Reembolso" – involving the distribution of $10 bills to
workers from Mexico – was loudly debated in the U.S. Congress.
Art follows its own momentum. Just because times are rife with issues
– war, terrorism and global warming, among many others – doesn't mean
that socially topical art will be plentiful. The debate about border
and immigration policies, for instance, is just as heated and
fractious today as it was two decades ago, but art on these topics
was more vital in the late-1980s and 1990s.
But individual artists have their own momentum, too, which can cut
against the cultural grain. Shephard Fairey, who honed his approach
in San Diego during the 1990s until about 2001 and continues to do so
in Los Angeles, is a prime example. His work was provocative and
engaging in its earlier phases and has only become more so in the
last five to six years.
His roots are in guerrilla art and a panoply of 20th-century graphic
styles. In the 1990s, traffic signs, buildings and the like were
plastered with his image of Andre the Giant. His images offered a
slogan that he still employs: "Obey."
In a sense, the work was a reaction against earlier political art,
since it delivered no clear message. Still, "Obey" was suggestively
antiauthoritarian.
"My hope was that, in questioning what 'Obey Giant' was about, the
viewers would then begin to question all the images they were
confronted with," Fairey says in an interview in the book "Supply and
Demand: The Art of Shephard Fairey."
This is an essential theme of the counterculture in the 1960s –
questioning the validity of top-down messages in everything from
media to government – that he embraces. And it's no coincidence that
some of Fairey's visual sources (psychedelic posters and pop art) and
cultural heroes (including Martin Luther King, Angela Davis and Noam
Chomsky) hark back to those years.
The broad range of his stylistic references along with his general
distrust of governmental authority gives his political work visual
drama and bite. "Obey Bush Hug Bombs" (2004) looks as if it could be
a propaganda poster that champions President Bush's aggressive
foreign policy – until you read its text. Then, it becomes a
chilling, visually subversive portrait of his rhetoric.
Fairey's sharp edge persists. Go to obeygiant.com to see the new
poster he's done for Witness Against Torture, an organization working
to shut down the Guantanamo prison camp. Or take a look at the works
in his current solo show at Los Angeles' Merry Karnowsky Gallery,
"Imperfect Union."
His is political art with a strong sense of visual style and
emotional authenticity. Even in times when political art has ebbed,
Fairey's has just the right balance of seriousness, irony and wit to
fit the mood of the moment.
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Robert L. Pincus: (619) 293-1831; robert.pincus@uniontrib.com
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