Wednesday, March 31, 2010

Student Activism, Southern Style

[3 articles]

USC hosts "Student Activism, Southern Style"

http://www.midlandsconnect.com/news/story.aspx?id=432390

By Jerrita Patterson
Friday, March 19, 2010

COLUMBIA -- Former USC students, who once protested and fought for
Civil Rights came to the campus to discuss how the earlier years
impacted their lives.

"You go to a football game or a basketball game, back then, and they
would literally play Dixie and there would be a sea of confederate
flags being waved," said former student activist Brett Bursey.

He was sharing the reality of life in the 1960's and 70's. Several
USC student activist from that era, including Bursey, came back to
campus Friday to teach students what inspired them to fight for change.

"If there was like one element, it was the stone-cold racist nature
of Southern society," said Bursey.

Bursey says he was once arrested for burning the confederate flag and
told today's students the flag issue is still alive and well.

Vickie Eslinger was fighting her own battle in the late 60's, pushing
for women's equality.

"We also had problems with jobs," said former student activist Vickie
Eslinger. "Back then you had sex-segregated want ads. So they would
only allow us to interview for certain types of jobs, so we had to
get rid of that."

"I think I have a greater sense of where I'm coming from and where
the university came from and how I fit into that picture," said USC
Sophomore Kate Jernigan.

It's a picture that Jernigan better appreciates, after getting a peak
into the past. She says knowing the history is the only way to avoid
repeating it.

"The people who are passionate about history and who understand
history, are inspired to change it," said Jernigan.

And it starts with today's students, learning yesterday's lessons.

--------

From the archives:
USC student protests

http://www.thestate.com/2010/03/18/1206483/from-the-state-archives-usc-student.html

Student activism in the South subject of conference at USC this weekend

Mar. 19, 2010

Some of South Carolina's student activists from the 1960s and '70s
will join historians and lecturers from colleges around the South at
a weekend conference on student activism beginning Friday at USC.

"Student Activism, Southern Style: Organizing and Protest in the
1960s and 1970s" will examine the impact of student protests and
political activism at colleges throughout the South during the
politically turbulent times.

The three-day conference will focus specifically on the Vietnam War,
civil rights and women's rights and will begin with registration and
orientation at noon Friday at the Russell House, at Bull and Greene streets.

Highlights from the event will include panel discussions from such
former student activists as Brett Bursey, Vicki Eslinger and Bob Zellner.

Writer Jack Bass will also screen and discuss the film "Scarred
Justice" about the 1968 Orangeburg Massacre at 9 p.m. Friday in
Gambrell Hall, room 153.

The conference continues through Saturday with a wide variety of
panel discussions and presentations and will conclude on Sunday with
a student panel from USC discussing student activism in the modern era.

Most of the lectures are free.

To learn more or for a complete schedule of events, call (803)
777-6394cq or visit http://www.cas.sc.edu/hist/sass/.

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Back-to-Back USC Conferences Address Activism, Social Justice

http://www.free-times.com/index.php?cat=1992912064025693&ShowArticle_ID=11012303103107226

BY CRAIG BRANDHORST
03/23/2010 - 03/29/2010

Progressive politics are in the spotlight at the University of South
Carolina this month. Last weekend, the university hosted Student
Activism, Southern Style: Organizing and Protest in the 1960s and
1970s, a conference that brought together historians and prominent
figures in the civil rights and anti-war movements. This week the
university's Women's and Gender Studies program hosts the 33rd annual
Southeastern Women's Studies Association conference, which will focus
on art, activism and gender.

The three-day Student Activism conference marked the 40th anniversary
of the 1970 "Russell House Takeover," when USC students briefly
seized the student union to protest the expansion of the Vietnam War
into Cambodia. The conference kicked off fittingly on Friday at the
Russell House with a discussion featuring three former USC students
who worked for social change at that time.

Local activist Brett Bursey ­ who was arrested along with 41 others
during the Russell House sit-in, and who later spent two years in
prison for vandalizing the local draft board on Gervais Street ­
spoke about the importance of civil disobedience, particularly in the
South, where progressive politics have seldom been popular.

To emphasize the importance of Southern activism, Bursey told a story
about his grandfather offering to pay his tuition if he would
transfer to the University of California at Berkeley, where he would
"blend in."

"[My grandfather said], 'If you stay here, you're gonna get in
trouble, you're gonna go to prison, you're never gonna get a real job.'"

"'But granddad, I don't wanna go to Berekley,'" Bursey recalled
saying. "'I don't wanna blend in. They don't need me in Berkeley.
They need me in South Carolina.' So I made a conscious decision at that point."

Bursey's one-time classmates Vicky Eslinger and Luther Battiste, both
now prominent attorneys, also spoke Friday. Battiste, whose freshman
year in 1967-68 coincided with the assassination of Martin Luther
King and the Orangeburg Massacre, discussed the volatile climate of
that era, particularly for blacks, but emphasized his decision to
work "within the system" as he tried to change USC, which he said
"was not really ready for black students at that time."

"Brett and I approached [activism] in different ways," Battiste went
on to say. "I tried to approach it through student government, trying
to make the University of South Carolina a better place for everybody."

As a member of the student government speakers committee, Battiste
brought prominent blacks such as Mohammad Ali and satirist Dick
Gregory to the overwhelmingly white campus. He also ran the
successful 1971 campaign of USC's first black student body president,
Harry Walker, and was instrumental in starting the university's first
black fraternity.

In a talk that anticipated this week's other big conference, Eslinger
discussed the struggle for women's rights in the '60s and early '70s,
recounting her successful challenge of a law prohibiting female pages
at the State House.

Saturday, visiting scholars addressed such subjects as the battle for
sexual liberation and the government repression of Southern activism.
That evening, '60s countercultural icon Tom Hayden joined three other
prominent activists for the keynote session titled, "Coming Down and
Standing Up: Situating the South in the History of Student Activism."

Conference organizer and USC history instructor David Snyder credited
his students with the idea for a conference, which resulted from a
class he taught on '60s counterculture.

The focus on social justice continues as the Southeastern Women's
Studies Association conference gets under way March 25. SEWSA will
bring scholars from around the country to campus for three days of
academic panels, but also aims to involve the local community by
presenting a series of free lectures and performances.

Thursday, University of Southern California gender studies professor
Judith Halberstam will deliver the lecture "Shadow Feminisms" (6:30
p.m. Belk Auditorium, Darla Moore School of Business). Described by
conference organizer Drue Barker as "one of the leading queer
theorists in the United States, if not in the world," Halberstam is
the author of multiple books, most recently In a Queer Time and
Place: Transgendered Bodies, Subcultural Lives (2005).

On Friday, Bernice Johnson Reagon will present "The Singing Culture
of the Civil Rights Movement: A Sonic Force for Radical
Transformation of Place and Person" (7 p.m., Lumpkin Auditorium).
Founder of the a cappella group Sweet Honey in the Rock and a
self-described "songtalker," Reagon blends song and speech in her
unique theatrical performances, which have earned her numerous awards
including a MacArthur Fellowship and the Presidential Medal.

The public can attend two programs on Saturday. At noon, local dance
troupe The Power Company will present "Four Screaming Women,"
choreographed by Jane Comfort (Campus Room, Capstone). The modern
dance performance originally premiered the day after the Equal Rights
Amendment was defeated on Oct. 4, 1982. Saturday evening's concert,
"An Evening with Madame F" (7:30 p.m., School of Music Recital Hall)
is a one-woman show written and performed by multidisciplinary artist
Claudia Stevens and chronicles the experiences of Holocaust survivor
Fanja Fenelson, who performed in the Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz.

"The conference is looking specifically at the arts and gender,"
Barker says, "but what we're most concerned with is social justice.
People concerned with social justice will like this conference. It's
not just about social justice for women, but social justice for
African-Americans, social justice for the LGBTQ communities and so on."
--

For more information, visit www.cas.sc.edu/hist/sass
(Student Activism conference) or sewsa.nwsa.org (Women's Studies conference).

.

Hair is sometimes tangled, but mostly shines

[4 articles]

Hippie replacement - Hair returns to London's West End

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-features/7528239/Hippie-replacement-Hair-returns-to-Londons-West-End.html

After 40 years the musical Hair is returning to the West End stage,
courtesy of Cameron Mackintosh.

By Mick Brown
27 Mar 2010

One of the impresario Cameron Mackintosh's first theatrical jobs was
working on the "tribal rock musical" Hair, first as a runner on the
original London production and then as the company manager of a
production in Scotland.

'It was the most wonderful experience,' he now remembers. On his last
night with the show, swept up in the exuberance of the moment,
Mackintosh allowed himself to be persuaded by the cast to join them
at the end of Act One for the show's most notorious scene.

So it was, Mackintosh says, that he made his first ­ and last ­ nude
appearance on the professional stage.

Even before then, Hair had established a number of significant
firsts. When it opened in London on September 27 1968 it was the
first theatrical production following the abolition ­ one day after,
to be precise ­ of the Lord Chamberlain's role as theatre censor, a
role that had been in existence for some 230 years to prohibit the
performance of any play 'for the preservation of good manners,
decorum or of the public peace'.

Not coincidentally, it was also the first theatrical production to
portray full-frontal nudity on a West End stage. It was also the
first mixed-race musical, the first rock musical, and certainly the
first to include songs celebrating hashish, LSD and, as one
song-title succinctly put it, Sodomy.

Hair threw together every convulsion ­ what has come to be regarded
as every cliche ­ of the hippie movement: free love, war-resisters,
astrology, psychedelic drugs, rock'n'roll, hippies dressed like
American Indians, young, beautiful bodies ­ naked!

It also contained as memorable a body of songs as any musical of the
post-war period. Aquarius, Let the Sun Shine In, Ain't Got No and I
Got Life all sprang from the show on to the pop charts in both their
original and cover versions. The work of Andrew Lloyd Webber
notwithstanding, probably no other musical has produced quite so many hits.

That may not, at first blush, appear quite enough to make Hair
anything more than a nostalgic curio, let alone a runaway box-office
success more than 40 years on. But that is precisely what it has become.

Next week the curtain will go up on a new production of the show that
Mackintosh is staging at London's Gielgud Theatre, following on from
the show's run on Broadway, where it has proved one of the great
astonishments of New York theatre.

In 2007 the New York Public Theatre, which had staged the very first
production of Hair in 1967, mounted a handful of 'concert
performances' in Central Park to celebrate the show's 40th
anniversary. They proved so popular that it led to a theatrical run
at the Public's Delacorte Theatre in the Park. At that point
Mackintosh was approached to see if he would be interested in putting
some money into the show for a possible London transfer. Without
having seen it, he declined.

In February last year the show transferred to Broadway, where it has
been playing to packed houses. It is that same production that is now
about to open in London ­ the first occasion that a full original
Broadway cast, in this case of 26 people, has transferred to a London stage.

'I only went to see it on Broadway because someone I respect very
much said I would be mad to miss it,' Mackintosh says. 'And they were
right. I was bowled over by the fervour and commitment of the production.'

Hair tells the story of a 'tribe' of hippies in New York's East
Village in 1967 and their attempts to prevent one of their number,
Claude, from being drafted into the army to fight the war in Vietnam.
They fail, and Claude dies. So far, so thin. But what the show does ­
triumphantly, exhilaratingly ­ is summon not only the spirit of
idealism, the generational faultlines and the sense of intense
communality of the era, but also the hope, confusion and anger of
waning adolescence and early adulthood in a way that is utterly timeless.

James Rado, who along with Gerome Ragni conceived and wrote Hair, is
now in his seventies (he declines to specify his age), a quietly
spoken man who sidles into the New York restaurant where we have
arranged to meet dressed in sweatshirt and jeans; he has a thick head
of grey hair that, like the show itself, seems to have remained
astonishingly intact.

The son of a college professor, Rado had served in the US Navy and
studied with Lee Strasberg, and was working on Broadway when he met
Ragni, an actor who had been working primarily in experimental
theatre. The pair moved in together, and in 1965, inspired by the
burgeoning hippie movement around the East Village, began writing Hair.

Rado was already in his thirties, in an era when, as the
counter-culture maxim had it, nobody over 30 was to be trusted. 'I
was a bit older, but I was very drawn to the idealism of the
hippies,' he remembers. 'I felt it was almost spiritual, a cause.
People were communicating in their own way, they were letting their
hair grow, trying to form a culture, a new way of living based on
this notion of love, for humanity and for each other in person.'

Hair, Rado says, was conceived almost in a 'missionary' spirit. 'We
were aiming for Broadway because we wanted it to reach the people who
were probably never in the presence of hippies. I was under the
impression that most people were at home watching television and only
got glimpses of these things, however the media filtered it or
portrayed it. But to actually be at these places and among these
people was very thrilling for us; we were really turned on by all this.'

Rado and Ragni pieced together the elements of Hair from what they
saw on the streets. Slogans and slang were rifled from the posters
waved at anti-war protests and the pages of underground magazines.
The character of Berger, the extrovert leader of the 'tribe', was
inspired by a figure whom Rado and Ragni happened upon one day in
Central Park.

'He was this wild-haired character, like a cross between man and
animal,' Rado recalls. 'He was crouching on a wall, half-naked ­
well, more than half-naked ­ telling people how to go to the
bathroom, that it was much healthier for the intestines to squat. Of
course, this was very far out, and I thought very funny.

'There was another person I remember, a young man we met one day on
St Mark's Place. He was the epitome of what you would imagine a
flower-child to be, very gentle, very sweet, just totally non-macho,
the opposite of what the American male was supposed to be at that
time. That was very fetching to me, and he became a model for many
people in the show.'

The partnership of Rado and Ragni was complemented with the arrival
of Galt MacDermot, who was to write the score for Hair. A jazz
musician and composer, MacDermot was even less of a hippie than Rado
and Ragni.

He would later describe how his collaborators would drag him down to
the East Village to soak up the atmosphere. 'They'd say, "You've got
to see how these people live or you won't be able to write this kind
of music." Everybody thought I was a nark because I was wearing a tie
and white shirt. It was a little embarrassing.'

In 1967 the finished work came to the attention of Joe Papp, the
director of the New York Public Theatre, a not-for-profit group that
had originally been established to bring Shakespeare to the masses.
Hair became the company's first production in its new Anspacher
Theatre downtown.

Its gestation was chaotic. Martin Aronstein, the production designer,
described the script as 'one of the most extraordinarily misshapen,
totally un­focused, weird pieces of writing I've ever seen.' The
original director, Jerry Freedman, was hired, fired and hired again
in the space of a week.

The show opened on October 17 1967. Few people expected it to survive
past its initial six-week run until the intervention of a Chicago
businessman, Michael Butler, who was planning on running for the US
Senate on an anti-war platform. Butler was so impressed by the show
he bought the rights, and as producer took it on, initially to a
Greenwich Village nightclub, the Cheetah, and then, in a radically
revised version, to Broadway, where it opened in April 1968, with
Gerome Ragni in the role of Berger.

In its first year, three members of the prestigious New York Drama
Critics' Circle, including the all-powerful Clive Barnes, voted Hair
best musical of the year. It went on to run for nearly 2,000
performances, and within a year 23 companies were performing the show
in 10 countries.

The irony was, of course, that by then the blissed-out idealism of
the Summer of Love, which Hair had been conceived to celebrate, had
already begun to evaporate. In October 1967, a fortnight before the
show's very first performance, a hippie couple were found murdered in
the basement boiler room of a tenement building in the East Village ­
where, a year before, Rado and Ragni had roamed in wide-eyed wonder ­
prompting a spate of newspaper articles hastily revising the picture
of the neighbourhood from flower-children's playground to urban
ghetto, quoting one resident as saying, 'There's no love here any
more. Everyone is scared to death.'

Only a few days earlier in San Francisco ­ the birthplace of the
Summer of Love ­ dozens of 'mourners' had gathered in Golden Gate
Park for a faux-funeral to mark the death of 'Hippie', killed off by
over­exposure and rampant commercialism.

To champions of the counter-culture, Hair was seen as a symptom of
precisely that commercial exploitation. When the show opened in
London in 1968 the underground newspaper IT suggested that the
producers might wish to make a contribution of one per cent of their
weekly take to give

to underground groups such as the Arts Lab and Release. 'We all got
very upset,' Steve Mann of IT would later remember. 'We thought,
"There's these people, they're making an awful lot of money out of
the hippies and we want some." It wasn't so much we wanted it for
ourselves, but we did want to spread it around.'

The producers, unsurprisingly, declined to pay up, which led to the
surreal spectacle of 'real' hippies picketing the theatre. (At the
other end of the cultural spectrum, The Daily Telegraph's eminent
theatre critic, 78-year-old WA Darlington, in his last review before
retiring, expressed bewilderment at the show, writing that he had
'tried hard', but found it 'a complete bore'.)

There have been numerous revivals of Hair since then, some of which
have tried to restyle the show in a calculated attempt to make it
relevant to contemporary audiences. A 1989 production staged by Bill
Kenwright included a scene where the cleaned-up hippies regroup at
the Washington War Memorial 22 years on to pay their respects to
Claude. 'Oh my God,' Rado winces at the memory. 'Big mistake. No, no…'

A 2005 production at the Gate Theatre in London saw Claude signing up
for the war in Iraq, complete with an iPod and Prozac.

'We've let people experiment with it over the years, and we've tried
to update it ourselves,' Rado says, 'but it's never worked.'

The new production makes no concessions to modernity, drawing from
both the original off-Broadway and Broadway productions, shedding
some old songs and dialogue, and adding new dialogue written by Rado
with the objective of streamlining the story and heightening Claude's
dilemma over whether to resist or surrender to the draft. 'There's
more urgency to it now,' Rado says. 'We've upped the stakes a bit, in
a way that makes it more relevant and more pointed, because there are
still wars going on.

'When we first put the show on a lot of it was shocking and very
revolutionary and new, and that's exactly what we wanted to
communicate to that audience. That shock element is no longer there,
but the ecstatic element of the way the tribe exists is something to
be shared now; you are there, experiencing what it was like to be
there for these people. There was no drug known as Ecstasy in those
days, but there was an ecstasy in the movement, and that's what comes
across now.'

The famous (or perhaps notorious) scene at the end of Act One when
the cast stands naked in a moment of self-revelatory celebration has,
of course, been preserved. Rado says it was inspired by an event that
took place at a 'be-in' in Central Park, when two men in the midst of
the crowd took off their clothes. 'Everybody around was just amazed
and astounded. It was the perfect hippie happening, and we felt it
had to be in the play.'

Joe Papp refused to include the scene in the original production. But
it was reinstated by the director Tom O'Horgan when the show
transferred to Broadway under a New York statute that allowed nudity
on the condition that actors should not be moving but standing still.
In keeping with the libertarian spirit of the day there was no
obligation for cast members to strip off; in keeping with the
commercial instincts of Broadway, they were paid a $10 bonus if they did.

Oskar Eustis, the present artistic director of the Public Theatre,
laughingly describes it as 'the most famous nude scene in
Anglo-American theatre. It's unbelievable people still talk about it.
It only lasts for 30 seconds, and it was much more dimly lit back
then.' (So dimly lit that the American comedian Jack Benny, attending
a London performance, was prompted to joke, 'Did you happen to notice
if any of them were Jewish?')

'While this is a very sexy production, there is nothing remotely
salacious about it,' Eustis says.

'I think it still has a real impact because you feel these performers
are engaging in this act not so much out of defiance but of courage.'
None of the cast is obliged to do it, he adds. 'And nor are we paying
them bonuses.'

Hair is particularly dear to Eustis's heart. At the age of 14, he
stowed away on a ship from Copenhagen, where his mother and
stepfather had moved to from America, and came to Britain, where he
ended up dancing on stage in Hair. 'That was a huge deal for me,' he
says. 'I don't think it consciously occurred to me that this was a
profession I could belong to, but I was smart enough to know that
this is a bunch of hippies dancing on stage, but it's also a theatre
and maybe there's a place in the world for me.'

The show, he believes, still retains the same capacity to inspire a
new generation for whom the 1960s are little more than a rumour.
'Hair is from a pre-ironic sensibility,' Eustis says, 'and to me the
greatest victory of this production is that there is nothing cynical,
ironical, commenting, winking or nudging about it. It is a study in
earnestness. And if you actually take that earnestness seriously, and
connect to that belief that our emotional purity can actually change
the world, it's very powerful.'

For Cameron Mackintosh it is the sense of youthful idealism, and of
frustration with the status quo, that resonates most strongly across
the years, and that makes Hair more than just an exercise in
nostalgia. 'The way this production has been shaped, it isn't just
about the Vietnam war,' he says. 'It speaks very much to young people
now, and their feeling of impotence at a time when the system set up
by their elders is failing, whether it's the lack of opportunities or
the wars that keep happening all over the world ­ and the knowledge
that it's their responsibility to deal with it. It challenges young
people and asks, what are you going to do now? That's what I found so
contemporary about it.'

When the first production of Hair opened in 1967 the cast was what
the director Jerry Freedman would remember as 'a lot of undisciplined
young kids. They were stoned most of the time and they thought that
was cool. I remember slamming one kid, Paul Jabara, against the wall
and saying, "If you come in here high again you're out on your
ass."?' (Jabara would go on to write a number of pop hits, including
It's Raining Men, before dying of Aids in 1992.)

The original London cast included such aspiring actors as Paul
Nicholas, Marsha Hunt and Tim Curry. The present Broadway cast is
made up of a mixture of young unknowns and actors with some
experience in musicals such as Hairspray, Wicked and We Will Rock
You. A number of them have their own websites. Some wear wigs. None,
of course, was alive in the 1960s.

By way of preparation, the director Diane Paulus gave the cast
study-packs, including period photographs, a timeline of events,
major characters (who was Janis Joplin, exactly?), a list of drugs
and contemporary slang words; they were also encouraged to talk to
their parents and grandparents. 'It's been a matter of finding out
their own personal history, not just American history,' Paulus says.

Paulus herself 'missed the 60s. But I had an elder brother and sister
who lived them, and the Hair soundtrack was part of my life. I was
screaming Sodomy at the top of my lungs when I was seven years old.'

What she has attempted to do, she says, is to awaken the same spirit
of idealism among the cast, fostering a sense of cameraderie and
closeness that goes further than mere esprit de corps. 'They've
mostly been together now for more than two years, and for all of us
doing Hair has not been about "a gig" or "a show". It's been about
joining this move­ment and awakening them as performers and activists
on this journey together. And that's the beautiful thing about it.
You cannot be just an actor in this show. You have to engage your
heart, mind and soul and do it every night.'

The idealism seems to have been contagious. Gavin Creel, who plays
Claude, and is perhaps the best-known member of the cast, says that
performing in Hair has had 'a transformative effect' on his life.
Creel came somewhat later to the cast, joining when the show opened
on Broadway. 'Before I joined they were saying, "The rest of the
tribe is so excited you're going to be in it."

I thought, the rest of the tribe? It sounded so… hippie-dippy. But I
am that person now. It's woken up activism to me, love to me, in a
way that I've never had it wake up before.'

Joining the show, and studying the period, he says, has brought him a
better understanding of the radicalism of the 1960s. 'I always liked
the style of the period, but I didn't realise the desperation that
was attached to it, like people running away from home because they
felt misunderstood or wanted to be themselves. And I came to realise
in my own journey as a gay man what it is to be with people who
recognise you and accept you.'

Along with a friend, Creel has now set up a pressure group, Broadway
Impact, to campaign to overturn the California Supreme Court ban on
same-sex marriages. 'For me, it's the civil rights movement of our
time,' he says. In October the production closed for a day for the
entire company to be bused to Washington, DC, to take part in the
National Equality March. 'That probably cost us $150,000,' Eustis
says. 'But there was no opposition from any of the producers when I
proposed doing it. They all got that it was more important to hold to
the spirit of what this thing stands for than to make a few shekels.'

For James Rado, Hair was to prove something of a mixed blessing.
Suggest that the show must have made him a wealthy man and he gives a
wry smile. 'You would think so, but I think we must have been screwed
in a way, because I'm not that wealthy. It keeps rolling in, but I'm
always under a million it seems.' He laughs. 'It's been a livelihood.
But it changes your life; it's like a corporation or something, this
huge thing that's suddenly there.'

It proved a hard act to follow. For a time, he says, he and Ragni
were at a loss as to what to do with their lives, and they eventually
parted. Rado, who had written music in his college days, wanted to
try his hand at composing ­ 'that was part of the conflict,' he says
­ and in 1972 collaborated with his brother Ted on a musical,
Rainbow. Starring Meat Loaf, it ran for only 48 performances off-Broadway.

Ragni, meanwhile, collaborated with Galt MacDermot on Dude, an
ambitious, and grievously misconceived, musical about good and evil
that cost $800,000 to stage, mystified critics and closed after 16
performances, prompting the New York Times to speculate that it 'may
go down in theatrical history as Broadway's most monumental disaster'.

Rado and Ragni eventually reconciled ­ 'thank goodness' ­ and wrote
another musical together, Sun, before Ragni's death in 1991 at the
age of 48. 'Geri was just such a free spirit,' Rado says. 'He brought
so much of himself to Berger, and the character then fed him to be
even more himself.'

The new production of Hair, Rado says, brings everything full circle.
'There was a period when I couldn't bear to listen to the music from
the show any more. And there was a period when I couldn't listen to
any music written by anybody else. But that's changed now. This
production is so solid, and to see it done again in a way that Geri
would have loved… I've become whole again.'
--

Hair previews from April 1, and opens on April 14 at the Gielgud
Theatre, London (0844 482 5130; hairthemusical.co.uk)

--------

VCDS' Hair is sometimes tangled, but mostly shines

http://thevarsity.ca/articles/28652

Mar 15, 2010
Amy Smith

There is a revolutionary musical that has come to define every
generation: in recent years, there's been Spring Awakening, the Gen
Xers have Rent, and for the baby-boomers, there is Hair. In Hair, the
year is 1968, it's the Age of Aquarius, and everything is oh so
groovy, baby. Set in Central Park, Hair follows a group of young
hippies "caught up in the politics and counter-culture of the
revolutionary zeitgeist." Written by James Rado and Jerome Ragni with
music by Galt McDermot, it was radical for its time for its
politically charged subject matter and X-rated depiction of youth in America.

I definitely felt groovy walking into Isabel Bader Theatre to see the
Victoria College Dramatic Society's production of Hair, which was
directed by Jackie McClelland. As I took my seat, the '60s tunes
playing ensured a psychedelic ambience as the actors dreamily
wandered around the stage.

The principal cast was generally strong, with some particular
stand-out performances. Alex Morrow, playing tribe leader Berger, was
perfectly suited to the role with his command of the stage and his
infectious enthusiasm. Tyler Whitaker's strong voice and dynamic
smile were also the right fit for the stud of the group, Claude, and
there was great chemistry between the leading men. It didn't carry
over, though, to the love triangle involving roommate Sheila (Emily
Johnson), who seemed to lack the authenticity that the role demanded.
Then again, who could forget the hilarious performance by Shak Haq,
donning a blonde wig and scandalous pantyhose as the American
anthropologist Margaret Mead?

This production had nearly 30 ensemble members, so some scenes were
messy and overcrowded, with Mariana Gurgis's intricate choreography
ultimately getting lost and detracting from the show. But it was in
the musically driven numbers that the cast truly excelled, assisted
beautifully by the band led by Tara Litvack. Songs like "Hashish,"
"Be-in," and the Act One finale, "Where Do I Go," enabled the
audience to enjoy the beautiful harmonies written by McDermott.

Arguably the most popular song of the show, and a personal favourite
of mine, is finale number, "Flesh Failures (Let the Sunshine In)."
This song encapsulates the idea of being sent to fight in a war that
no one seems to understand­whether it is Vietnam in the '60s or
Afghanistan today. It is hard not to be moved by the passion this
song evokes, and though it could be a measure of my theatre
geekiness, I was forced to hide behind my notebook to avoid anyone
seeing the tears embarrassingly rolling down my cheeks.

It isn't possible to mention a production of Hair without taking note
of the dreaded nude scene, and each director who chooses to take on
this show must make a decision on how to handle it. To nude, or not
to nude, that is the question, and though McClelland chose the
former, it was executed with taste and subtlety. This is just one of
many ways the VCDS's Hair stayed true to the 1968 original. So,
although it was rough around the edges, it was ultimately a fun night
at the theatre.

--------

Musical Theaterworks brings 'HAIR' to Veterans Auditorium

http://www.fresnobee.com/2010/03/18/1864084/musical-theaterworks-brings-hair.html

Mar. 18, 2010
By Donald Munro

Musical Theaterworks Fresno is the community theater arm of
Children's Musical Theaterworks, and for its spring production it
picked something that gets way beyond children's theater. "HAIR,"
with its story line of the turbulent 1960s and a "Tribe" of
peace-loving hippies, brings back the colors, sounds and ideas of an
earlier era. We caught up with director Heather Parish to talk about
the show. For more of the interview, go to
fresnobeehive.com/author/donald_munro.

Question: Give us a brief rundown.

Answer: On the surface, "HAIR" is a string of songs and music
interludes expressing hippie-life. The life, culture, attitudes,
questions and beliefs of the counter-culture movement of the late
60s. The Tribe, as the ensemble cast is called, take a lot of
conventional ideas that society holds and flips them upside down,
inside-out, and backwards in order to shake up the status quo.

The musical was known on Broadway for being pretty daring. How wild
does this production get?

Finding the right balance of honoring the material and honoring our
community's values was one of great discussion among the production
team. I believe we have struck the right balance in this production,
but ultimately the audiences will let us know what they like and what
they don't.

THEATER PREVIEW

"HAIR," opens 7:30 p.m. today. Through March 27. Veterans Memorial
Auditorium, 2425 Fresno St. (559) 442-3140, musicaltheaterworks.org. $12-$20
--

The reporter can be reached at dmunro@fresnobee.com or (559) 441-6373.

--------

City Stage's 'Hair' to be a revealing production

http://www.starnewsonline.com/article/20091229/ARTICLES/912299992?Title=City-Stage-s-Hair-to-be-a-revealing-production

By John Staton
John.Staton@StarNewsOnline.com
December 29, 2009

Let's go ahead and get it out of the way. At the end of the first act
of the rock musical "Hair," which opens at City Stage on Wednesday,
the cast gets naked.

At least that's the plan.

"I'll tell you this, I had several (cast members) who expressed to me
in the beginning, 'I'm not sure about this,' " said William Day, a
former Wilmington resident now living in New York who's directing the
show. "As of right now, I think everybody's going to do it."

Day has performed in "Hair" three times, including once at City Stage
in 2003, when he played the lead role of Claude. "Up until the last
night of dress rehearsal, there were people who didn't know if they
wanted to (get naked)," he said. "But when push came to shove, it was
like, 'Yeah, man, this is what this is about.' "

The act-closing nude scene is only a tiny fraction of the action in
"Hair," which opened on Broadway in 1968 and is in the midst of a
Tony-Award-winning revival. At the same time, Day said, the nudity is
both symbolically important and not really what the scene is all about.

The song that ends the act is "Where Do I Go," sung by Claude, and
"that song is all about him being confused in life. It has nothing
really to do with nudity," Day said. "He's looking for an answer just
like everybody else. And at the same time he's looking for an answer,
The Tribe, they know who they are and they know what they're about.
That's why they take their clothes off, because the clothes represent
materialism, they represent insecurities, and they don't have 'em.
They get naked because they believe we should all (be) natural, that
we should all be proud of our bodies. They don't see their bodies and
sexuality as dirty things, they see them as gifts."

The famously loose plot of "Hair" centers on Claude (newcomer David
Lorek). His shifting sense of identity is revealed in the song
"Manchester" in which he declares, in a fake accent, that he's from
England before he gets called out on being from Queens.

Claude's dealings with Berger (Adam Poole), whose motives are more
pure and certain than Claude's, and love drama with Sheila (Morganna
Bridgers) provide conflict as Claude continues his search for
answers, and the hippies of The Tribe continue their quest to
disengage from mainstream society.

Claude's ultimate disconnect from The Tribe of hippies is at the crux
of the show, which, for all of its ample humor and light moments,
tackles some deep subjects ­ including war, a topic that never seems
to disappear ­ and features one of the most powerful endings of any
musical when a tragedy is set against the soaring, soulful, hopeful
but accepting song "Let The Sun Shine In."

The show's songs are among the most memorable and powerful in the
rock musical pantheon: the clever wordplay of "Sodomy" and
"Initials"; the beautiful melody of "Frank Mills"; the spine-tingling
harmonies of "Aquarius" and "Let the Sun Shine In"; the delicate
"Good Morning Starshine"; the raucous title tune.

A band led by Chiaki Ito features a horn section and the guitar work
of jazz player Bob Russell, who said he's looking forward to tackling
what the script calls "improvised flying saucer music" that holds
sway between numbers.

City Stage's "Hair" also features the first local theatrical
appearance of popular Wilmington singer Bibis Ellison, who will be
rocking the show-opening tune "Aquarius." (For the record, Ellison
will split after the number's over because of previously scheduled
gigs and won't be sticking around for the clothing-optional activities.)

Day said he likes aspects of the current Broadway revival, "but I
didn't like that it was very pretty to look at. It just seemed a
little too Vegas-style. It was a little too polished for me. I wanted
to see a little more authenticity."

To that end, expect a few more "dirty hippies" wearing earth tones.

But while production choices may change, the play's themes remain.

"'Hair' has always been relevant," Day said. "It always has a
powerful message, whether it's done in New York City on Broadway or
in Leland in a cafetorium."
--

John Staton: 343-2343

.

Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans

'Welcome home' celebration Sunday for all veterans

http://www.recordonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20100326/COMM/3260314/-1/SITEMAP

By Chris Farlekas
March 26, 2010

Port Jervis ­ Floyd Babcock is still bitter.

"Even after all these years," he says, and his voice trails off.

Quietly he talks about coming home from Vietnam in the early 1970s,
being spit on and called "baby killer" by anti-war demonstrators in
California, as he came off the "freedom bird," the airplane bringing him home.

"That's the way a lot of us Vietnam vets were treated," he says with
a mixture of sad and mad in his voice. And when he came home to Port
Jervis, he says, all he found was apathy.

Last weekend outside Roosa-Fleming VFW Post No. 161, 47 Owen St.,
Port Jervis, Babcock and his buddy and fellow Vietnam vet, Don
Ostrom, were getting ready to put up a large "Welcome Home Vietnam
Veterans" banner, announcing big doings here Sunday.

In the midst of speeches, food and music, Sunday's event will be the
end of a journey from the spitting and jeering to a kind of
acceptance and peace ­ although Babcock said "the war won't go away."

It'll stick to me and the others until we die," he said.

Searching the Internet late last year, Babcock saw that other
communities across America were belatedly holding welcome-home
celebrations for the vets of a war that officially ended in 1975.

But that date doesn't compute with Babcock or Ostrom, because for
them "and thousands of other guys, the war is not really over. It'll
never go away. We carry it in here," he said with haunted eyes, eyes
that vets call "the thousand-yard stare."

Ostrom added, "We're going to carry the war inside us to our grave."

The two talked about Babcock's best friend, Cy Kean, who almost a
year ago put on his uniform with all his medals, and drowned himself
in the Delaware. "He was still carrying the burden of Vietnam,"
Babcock said sorrowfully.

Kean's death was a precipitating factor in the gala welcome-home celebration.

"I'm hoping that what happens here Sunday will help us all heal," he
said. "And not just Vietnam vets, but all vets. We're hoping the guys
home from Iraq and Afghanistan come so we can support them. And not
wait for another 30 or 40 years for someone else in Port Jervis to do this."

Babcock said he's received a lot of help. About $4,000 has been
raised by other veterans groups and city merchants. The post's Ladies
Auxiliary and others are pitching in to make the food, which Babcock
said will include 400 pounds of smoked Boston pork, 500 sausage and
pepper and meatball sandwiches and more than 300 pounds of baked
beans and salads. Beer will be free; mixed drinks will be for sale.

"Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans" kicks off at noon Sunday, and
continues "until everyone goes home," Babcock said. He expects
500-1,000 people to attend. There will be a ceremony with several
speakers, featuring Mayor Russell Potter.

The celebration is free to all veterans and their guests.

.

Mapping the Business of Pot in Oakland

Want some weed?
Mapping the Business of Pot in Oakland

http://oaklandlocal.com/article/want-some-weed-mapping-business-pot-oakland

March 26, 2010
by Ryan Van Lenning

A 6-part series on the business of pot

Now that the tax and regulate cannabis initiative is officially on
the November ballot, California may become the first state in the
nation to legalize the recreational use of marijuana by adults.

In Oakland and other parts of Northern California, pot is already
widely accessible, fueled by an explosion of medical marijuana
dispensaries and a grey-market growing system that means medical
marijuana and related businesses are booming.

Marijuana medical dispensaries such as Harborside Health Center and
schools such as Oaksterdam University are not only bringing in a wide
base of customers -- they're creating the models for others to follow
in the growing cannabis economy...

Oakland is considered the epicenter of the regulated cannabis
industry movement. A well-regulated but permissive climate has
allowed the emergence of several major cannabis institutions in the
city­Harborside Health Clinic, Oaksterdam University, and the new
iGrow superstore. The 4 medical marijuana dispensaries and the city
ordinances regulating them have been held up by advocates as models
of how to do it right (as opposed to Richmond or San Jose, CA, where
some fear a lack of regulation is leading to too many dispensaries
opening at once).

Oakland Local's six-part series will take a look at some of the
businesses and entrepreneurs fueling the pot economy in Oakland.
We'll start with the a look at the dispensaries in Oakland that are
the core of this new form of green business. On Monday, we'll examine
Oaksterdam University, where students enroll to become certified to
become growers and dispensary managers. Next, we'll share an
interview with a Bay area tech guy who's gone back to school with the
dream of scrapping the programming biz and opening a medical
marijuana dispensary instead. Finally, we'll explore the ripple
effects making their way across the landscape of the cannabis economy.

1. Pot for Sale: Medical Cannabis Dispensaries Flourish in Oakland

Harborside Health Center, a non-profit medical marijuana collective
and health services provider, is the largest dispensary in Oakland,
both in terms of revenue and physical space.

Harborside has become a major institutional force in the medical
marijuana scene. One of four licensed dispensaries in Oakland, the
center brought in over $20 million in past years and employs 75
full-time people (with benefits). In addition to its full-time
employees, Harborside also hires a handful of part-time health
providers as contractors.

Regardless of one's views on medical marijuana, a visit to the
Harborside clinic demonstrates that the facility is bright, clean,
safe and well-run. And it's really busy. I arrived early on a Friday
morning and discovered a line of eager people already waiting to
enter to purchase their medical marijuana.

Inside the spacious dispensary, a few "budtenders" stood behind
lighted cases that featured several strains of cannabis, hash, and
extracts, including some with exotic-sounding names such as White
Kush, Shiva, Blueberry Soda, Lavendar ATF, Purple Urkel, and perhaps
the most peculiar-sounding, Schnozberry. Vials of each blend were
labeled with their percentage levels of THC, the main chemical
compound in cannabis.

I took a tour of the facility, which included a showroom for vendors
to sell their product and an entry room where new members receive
introductory walk-through of policies and services. Across from the
cannabis counter was an area dedicated to cannabis clones (plant
cuttings) that were for sale.

In the lobby, several receptionists were busy answering phones and
helping customers. A stack of binders lay neatly to one side on a
counter next to forms where members can sign up for any of the
several services, including massage therapy, acupuncture, reiki,
hypnotherapy, and aromatherapy that are available on site--all free
of charge for members. I was shown a therapy room complete with
massage table and candles that was no different than what you'd see
at any nice spa.

In the corner of the lobby was an area deemed the Patient Activist
Resources Center, where members can volunteer for a couple hours of
work on various social and cannabis movement issues and receive a
weekly gift in return. Low-income clients can receive a "care
package" if they show proof of financial hardship.

It was hard to reconcile the busy scene and the fact that over 500
people a day visit with the reality that Harborside has seen a drop
in sales the last two quarters.

"Our sales have dropped 15% since August," said Steve DeAngelo, one
of the managers. Is this due to the recession? According to
DeAngela, the issue is increased competition and more supply, not
lack of money due to an economic downturn.

Dozens of dispensaries have opened in the wider Bay Area since last
summer. Six have opened in Richmond (for a total of 8), one in south
Berkeley (for a total of three), one in Walnut Creek (closed by court
order last week, based on zoning issues), one in Alameda, two in
Hayward (though the city council has voted no to any more), one in
Martinez, several in Marin County. San Jose has over 30 medical
marijuana dispensaries.

This expansion is what has cut into Harborside's sales. "As patients
have options closer to home, less make the trek to Oakland. One would
expect that our sales would drop further as more dispensaries open
close to us. After all, there is a finite amount of cannabis being
purchased by patients. You can cut that pie into ten, or twenty, or
two hundred slices­but that will not increase the size of the pie.
Each piece will just be smaller," says DeAngelo. "In our case, we
will have to continue to cover our fixed costs--rent, insurance,
utilities. So if our sales continue to drop, I will have no choice
but to cut patient services­our testing program, or our holistic care
clinic, or our care package program."

Despite this recent slight dip in sales, DeAngelo estimates the
collective will bring in about $18.5 million in gross receipts in
2010. Harborside has also been identified as model of how to do it
right--provide good customer service and high quality product in a
safe and friendly environment, and management is proud that other
cities look to dispensaries like Harborside for models of how to do it right.

Two smaller scale dispensaries, or cannabis clubs, with different
vibes in Oakland are Blue Sky Café and the Oakland Patient Center,
both near downtown Oakland. Blue Sky, owned by Oaksterdam University
founder Richard Lee, offers 3-4 varieties of cannabis presented in
binders rather than cases. Prices are slightly less than
Harborside. They also sell popular cannabis edibles including pies,
brownies, and salad dressing, and of course, coffee. Another popular
local medical marijuana club in Oakland is Purple Heart Patient
Center near Jack London Square, which carries between ten and twenty
strains and also sells clones.

iGrow Hydroponics Superstore

If you are looking not to buy medical cannabis, but want to grow your
own bud for personal use or for selling it to a collective, iGrow
superstore in East Oakland is the place to shop. Billing itself as a
one-stop-shop for cannabis growing needs, iGrow is housed in a 10,000
square-foot warehouse on Hegenberger Loop near the airport.

iGrow sells everything from fans and grow lights to nutrients and
whole hydroponic grow systems. Even a giant bud-trimmer was
displayed prominently toward the entrance. Just a couple years ago
such a business wasn't possible. Major suppliers wouldn't put their
product in a place so open about being specifically for cannabis
cultivation. General Manager Justin Jurgensen said that vendors have
been arriving nearly every other day to get their products on iGrow's
shelves. Some vendors are setting up whole displays on the warehouse floor.

"We don't so much want to be the Wal-mart of cannabis growing,"
Jurgensen said, referring to the SF Chronicle's headline referring to
iGrow as the 'Wal-mart of Weed', "but we do want to become the Home Depot."

"That is, we want to be the place where people can get what they're
looking for, a competent staff, good customer service, a return
policy, and so on."

To accomplish that mission, iGrow has a 'Grow Squad', staff who are
knowledeable about cultivation techniques and grow room operations
that provide consultation to customers.

While it is too early to tell how the business is doing, the fact
that vendors are calling and customers are buying products and
services is a signal that it might do well its first year.

And having the official support of many in city government doesn't
hurt. Several elected officials showed up to the Grand Opening at the
end of January. City council members Ignacio de La Fuentes, Desley
Brookes, Pat Kernighan, and Rebecca Kaplan all offered their
congratulations to iGrow and founder Dhar Mann.

Customers are also signing up for iGrow's classes in cultivating
marijuana on everything from the History of Hemp to cultivation
techniques. iGrow conducted its first introductory classes the
Friday of their second week in business. Seventy students
came. These classes are free and answer basic questions such as
"What is hydroponics?" and "What are the basic lighting and venting systems?"

Higher-level courses in what is called the University of Cannabis
costing around $50 will soon be added on topics ranging from how to
make edibles to the business and legal aspects of the cannabis industry.

When asked about the need for education, Jergensen said, "Oaksterdam
set the stage." Whereas Oaksterdam has classroom course only,
IGrow's University of Cannabis plans to offer several online courses.
--

Monday: Find out about Oaksterdam University and why it is setting
the standard for training programs round the state.

.

Judy Collins Speaks

Judy Collins Speaks:
Of 'Rainbow', 'Clowns' and All Sides Now

http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Judy_Collins_Speaks_Of_Rainbow_Clowns_and_All_Sides_Now_20100325

March 25, 2010;
by Adrienne Onofri

Among Judy Collins' many accomplishments, she is responsible for the
last showtune to win the Grammy Award for Song of the Year. That, of
course, was her 1975 rendition of "Send in the Clowns," which helped
establish the Stephen Sondheim song as a standard and made it a pop
hit. A folk-music icon, Collins has included showtunes and standards,
as well as rock songs, lullabies and hymns, Christmas carols and her
own compositions, on the 40-plus albums she's released since her
debut, A Maid of Constant Sorrow, in 1961.

Her latest recording is of an all-time classic, "Over the Rainbow,"
written by Harold Arlen and E.Y. "Yip" Harburg for The Wizard of Oz.
Collins sings "Over the Rainbow" on a CD that's included with a
beautiful new coffeetable-book-like picture book, Over the Rainbow,
featuring the lyrics as text and illustrations by French artist Eric
Puybaret. Collins has another CD set for release in May: her latest
album, Paradise. That month she will also begin an extended
engagement at the Café Carlyle in New York City. This is her fifth
straight year performing at the Carlyle, and she'll be there May 4 to June 12.

Over the Rainbow is one in a series of children's books illustrating
famous songs, each accompanied by a CD of the song (Collins also
sings "White Choral Bells" and "I See the Moon" on the book's CD).
The imprint was spearheaded by Collins' fellow
folksinger/humanitarian Peter Yarrow and is published by Imagine
Publishing. Collins herself is the author of more than half a dozen
books, including three­Sanity & Grace: A Journey of Suicide,
Survival, and Strength; The Seven T's: Finding Hope and Healing in
the Wake of Tragedy; and Singing Lessons: A Memoir of Love, Loss,
Hope, and Healing­that detail her recovery from the death of her only
child, son Clark, who killed himself in 1992 at age 33.

Collins, 70, is also well known for her work as a social activist.
She's participated in numerous events and campaigns for human rights,
peace and justice; she testified for the defense at the Chicago Seven
trial; and she serves as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. In addition,
Judy Collins is an Academy Award-nominated filmmaker. Her movie
Antonia: A Portrait of the Woman­about Antonia Brico, the first woman
to conduct the New York Philharmonic­was nominated for the Best
Documentary Feature Oscar in 1975 and, more recently, was added to
the Library of Congress film registry. Collins studied piano with
Brico as a child, after her family moved to Denver from Seattle.

Born in Seattle, Collins has lived in Manhattan since the early '60s
and has been married since 1996 to her second husband, creative
designer Louis Nelson. I spoke with the singer earlier this week by
phone from California, as she was en route from San Juan
Capistrano­where she'd performed the night before­to San Diego, where
she had a concert that evening. Collins had also spent time over the
weekend with her 22-year-old granddaughter, who goes to school in
California. In our interview, she talks about singing, writing and
advocating for yourself and others.
--

Has "Over the Rainbow" ever been part of your repertoire?

No, I never sang it. I recorded "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" for
my 1974 album Judith, and after I did that, I got to know Yip
Harburg, and he was always pushing that song to me..."Why don't you
sing it?" But I thought: No, it's too associated with Judy Garland. I
sang "When You Wish Upon a Star" a couple of times in concert, but
"Over the Rainbow" is a brand-new experience for me. It's not an easy
song, by the way, to get into your voice and to be comfortable with.
But the minute I got the request to do this children's book from
Peter Yarrow, I said: That's absolutely perfect. He wanted young
people to get to know a great song. It's perfect for me, it's a
wonderful thing to do, and I had just seen Wicked for the first time
and I thought, Ah! This couldn't be better.

Is it true you were named after Judy Garland?

My mother told me that I was named after Judy Garland, yes. Well, you
know, it was the time: The movie came out the year I was born. The
song was on the radio in September, and I was born in May. My father
was in show business, so it makes a lot of sense.

You dedicated the book to your parents. How did they influence your career?

There was so much music. My dad was in the radio business­he had a
radio show for 30 years­so I grew up in and around a radio station.
And then I got to go and see performers, and they were always part of
our life, people that sang and played and performed. That was very
much the context of our life. I had all that influence of the popular
songs of the era, sung by my father. And when I started playing folk
music, I realized he had been singing a lot of old Irish songs in and
amongst the George Gershwin.

Did they also influence your social conscience?

Oh, yes, very much. They were great believers in the New Deal and in
doing service and giving back and supporting causes that you believe
in. They were true blue Democrats­my father would be cheering from
his grave today with the health-care plan. I guess it's about a
hundred years in coming, isn't it?

I heard Pete Seeger sing "Over the Rainbow" at a demonstration
against the Iraq war in 2003. Do you consider it a protest song?

I feel that anything that's about life and hope and ideas of a better
world is a song that has value in our lives and could be considered a
protest against the awful things that are happening in the world. I
don't only sing protest songs; I sing songs about all conditions of
life. Politics is made up, contrary to what the Republicans think, of
all conditions of life that we feel and can express­and have, of
course, the right and the responsibility to express. That's why we
have freedom of speech here. I suppose in a way it explains why
everyone's favorite song, around the world, is "Over the Rainbow." It
is a protest against ugliness, and the autocrats and the nasty people
who run the show much of the time.

You mentioned seeing Wicked. Do you go to the theater often?

I do, when I can. I try to keep up with what's going on in the theater.

How about some reviews?

Of course I loved Jersey Boys. Everybody loves Jersey Boys. I thought
this remake of South Pacific was extremely good. I even sang in South
Pacific when I was a kid­we did a production in a park in Denver.
Always loved the show; always had the cast album. The redo of Guys
and Dolls was wonderful to see­wonderful, wonderful songs, just some
of the best scores in the world. I know all these songs because I was
raised with them: I heard them on the radio, and I heard my father
sing them. "How Are Things in Glocca Morra?" I've known since I could
breathe, I think. I recorded it on an album called Classic Broadway.
I sang "Don't Cry for Me, Argentina" on that album. I loved the song,
so I got the chance to sing it.

Did you discover "Send in the Clowns" on your own, or did someone
suggest it to you?

The play had been out for a couple of years, and the [cast] record
had been made, and a friend of mine called me and said, "You should
really hear this song." She sent me the record, and I put the needle
on the cut and I played it, and I thought, "Oh, my God! That's for
me." Then I called Hal Prince and said, "You have a great song here
in your show," and he said, "Yes, I know that. About 200 people have
already recorded it." And I said, "I don't care." He said, "Frank
Sinatra's recorded it." And I said, "I don't care. I have to sing
it!" And I called Jonathan Tunick and he did the orchestration, and
the rest is history.

Have you seen the current Broadway revival of A Little Night Music?

No, but I'm going to soon.

Do you feel at all possessive of that song?

I don't have to feel possessive about it. I recorded it, and it
became a huge hit, so I don't really have to claim it so much as just
do it. I know Stephen Sondheim well, he's a wonderful man. I've
recorded other of his songs: "Pretty Women" and "Green Finch and
Linnet Bird" and "I Remember Sky," which is one of my favorite songs
of his early...I think it was from Evening Primrose.

Have you thought about being in a show on Broadway, or off?

I was in Central Park, in the Delacorte, doing Peer Gynt in 1969 with
Stacy Keach. I played Solveig. I was in The Exonerated a few years
ago. I played the Sunny Jacobs part. That was extremely interesting
and very moving to do that part. Bob Balaban [who produced it] had
called me to be in that production, and it was amazing.
I have had a couple of offers­things I wasn't really right for. I did
a reading for Nine once. People do sometimes think of me, but I will
never do eight shows a week. I might if it was one song, but I
couldn't do a standard eight shows a week on Broadway, because it's
too much, I can't afford to risk the voice. Five nights is wonderful,
and I quite often do that. I do about a hundred shows a year, maybe
more­110, I think, last year. So that is fine: one out of three days
[laughs], but anything more I would not be comfortable. I'd be afraid
I would strain myself.

What's on your new album?

"Over the Rainbow" is on it­a slightly different version [than the
book]; there's an orchestration on the end of it. "Diamonds and
Rust," a song of Joan Baez's, with her singing a duet with me. "Last
Thing on My Mind," which is an old Tom Paxton song, that's a duet
with Stephen Stills. A brand-new song of Jimmy Webb's called
"Gauguin," about the painter. The song of mine which is called
"Kingdom Come" that's about the 9/11 attacks. It's dedicated to the
firefighters. What else is on this album? "Ghost Riders in the Sky,"
one of my favorite songs in the world, with a chorus of the greatest
guy singers: Tom Paxton and Jimmy Webb; Bob Neuwirth, who used to be
Bob Dylan's road manager; my brother Denver. It's really great.
Whenever we sing a little of it in the concerts, people go nuts,
because they love singing that chorus: you know, "yippee-yi-oh!"

Had you ever sung with Joan Baez before?

Before this record, I had done two duets. One was with T.G. Sheppard
in 1984 ["Home Again"], and one was with Joan Baez and her sister
Mimi­a trio­in 1967 for a CD that I was producing to raise money for
Women Strike for Peace. They were a very, very important antiwar
women's group; they got a lot of legislation done, they helped with
the nuclear test ban treaty... On that album, it was all women: Buffy
Sainte-Marie sang a song, and I did a trio with Joan and her sister
Mimi, a song of Pete Seeger's called "Golden Thread." I don't know if
it's available­I don't think I've ever seen it on YouTube. But people
talk about it; people remember it somehow. Maybe they have the record.

Is "Kingdom Come," the 9/11 song, something you've been working on since 2001?

I wrote it in the year following the attacks. I sing it in concerts
quite frequently. I never really recorded it properly. It's a very
important song, not only for its content­the reasons it was
written­but also it's kind of an anthem. I think, quite frankly, it's
one of my best songs, and I wanted to do it justice and get it out in
a way that made it sound the way it should.
Just a sidebar here: The day that I open at the Carlyle, May 4, is
called Firefighters' Day. I know this because my friend Jim McGrath,
who is a retired captain in the Fire Department, when we were talking
about it [her Carlyle engagement]­he's going to come to the opening
night­and he said, "That is the day." So I'm going to sing it that
night to make an acknowledgment of how important these people are who
put our safety before theirs. I'm so glad he and I were talking about
it, because it's not something I would have known. Although I live
uptown, and the firefighters have a memorial up there­on 100th Street
and Riverside Drive­and every year they all bring the bagpipes and
there are hundreds and hundreds of uniformed firefighters who gather.
I'll hear the bagpipes coming in through the windows, and I've been
down there a couple of times during celebrations to speak or to be a
part of it, but I forgot which day it is.

Is Café Carlyle different from the types of venues where you usually perform?

I play everything from, occasionally, a stadium­if I'm in a big folk
festival­everything from that to Carnegie Hall to small clubs to
private events... There were a couple of great clubs in the Village
that I worked in a lot, the Bitter End and Gertie's Folk City. The
Bottom Line, I worked in a little bit, not a lot. So this is really
only the third club that I've worked in on any regular basis. I do
what I do; it's not what people would call cabaret. It's Judy
Collins' show, really. I love the Carlyle because it is so intimate
and everybody's so delighted to be there. It has an atmosphere, a
kind of a resonance of all these wonderful artists who've been there.
So there's great appreciation for the story-song and for the
storytelling, and that is, I think, the strength that's come through
in the last 15 or 20 years in terms of my own performing. I tell a
lot more stories than I ever did, and people love it because they
love the history and they love the connections with the songs, people
I've known and the things that have happened in my life. That makes
it, I think, even more intimate than it might otherwise be. So it's
not just a string of songs, it's an experience that hopefully takes
you into another place and is musically satisfying as well as in a
literary sense satisfying.

Regarding the issues you have advocated for, do you feel more
pleased or disappointed at what has occurred over the years?

Advocacy is always a disappointing enterprise, 'cause you're never
going to get everything you want. You learn very early on in your
life, if you're going to be a performer, not to count on things until
they've happened. Therefore, your disappointment level goes down as
the years go by. Or perhaps your expectations go down­perhaps that's
the more truthful way to put it. I'm thrilled that I've had the
career that I've had, and it's going better than ever. I think that's
kind of remarkable, in what I know about careers.

What about women's rights specifically­what do you consider the
great advancements and great disappointments for women in your lifetime?

Well, probably, equal pay for equal work has a long way to go. I
heard some interesting statistics in the health-care debate­that one
thing that will not happen is that women will be singled out to have
to pay more for health care. They will not be penalized for being
female. All these seemingly small areas, little windows of
improvement. There still aren't many women in the richest people in
the world, but there will be. Look, Kathryn Bigelow winning the
Academy Award for The Hurt Locker was a very important step. And I
think the general rising of women in terms of their abilities to go
anywhere, do anything, be in any kind of industry has been
phenomenal. My film about Antonia Brico told the story of this
extraordinary woman who was breaking down the barriers of the conducting world.
I'm a great supporter of women's choice, and I think it's disgusting
that there are so many limits and so little understanding about
choice. Thank God for Nancy Pelosi, who understands, even though she
is a Catholic, that this is an issue of choice for women. What
they're going to do with their bodies should not be dictated by their
insurance companies or their governments. We did get Roe v. Wade, and
it's kept us, I think, from some of the worst possibilities that
might have been. And it has not been overturned­at least not legally.
It's been eaten away in some areas, but it's still there. So that's a
bit of a triumph that we shouldn't overlook, even though it seems as
though some things have been lost. Still, a lot of progress has been
made in the areas of women's health, the understanding that women
have the right to choose the way they want to live­whether they want
to make a living, whether they want to raise a family, whether they
want to devote their lives to service of one kind or another. And,
you know, we've had a woman pretty close to the presidency. A couple
of times. It may happen before we know it.

What encourages, and discourages, you about the current
sociopolitical situation in our country?

It's kind of a free-for-all out there. The Tea Party people might
think about getting a life. But that's the price you pay for living
in a democracy; you cannot say, "Freedom of speech­except you and you
and you." The news-cycle focus on argumentative politics, I just turn
it off, because I don't want to engage in it. But the alternative to
chaos is to have a monarch. We don't live in a monarchy, so we have
to deal with the chaos the best we can.
I do think it's a positive development over the years that people are
not interested in keeping secrets anymore. Except for the great
conspiracies that go on that we can't seem to do anything about­the
conspiracy of the insurance companies to bleed us all blind, for
instance. Money has a great deal to do with that, and greed and
power­it seems to have swept the country up in a habitual, nonstop "I
want, I want, I want" and "More and more and more is better." I don't
happen to agree with that philosophy. But, on the other hand, I think
people are, generally speaking, more engaged in much of what's going
on in their lives for the better. People have much more become their
own advocates. That's something I have been very much about in my
work, in my writing. I've written a lot about suicide and survival,
because I lost a son to suicide. To me, that was a social taboo that
I hope has changed. When he died, there was nothing written about it
particularly; now the bookshelves are filled with people's ideas
about it. I do some speaking for mental health organizations and
suicide prevention and/or recovery organizations. The organization
that I'm more affiliated with was begun by Ed Shneidman, who was the
foremost educator and spokesperson and writer about suicide in this
country. He's the first person who started a suicide hotline, in 1949
in Los Angeles, when it was very taboo. In fact, they told him he
should take the word "suicide" out of it­it was not something that
could be spoken aloud in public. It's like cancer being once upon a
time very much a secret, and now it's spoken of openly. The same
thing about alcoholism. I think Betty Ford did [so much] for
alcoholics and addiction because she spoke out. In that regard,
people's rights of free speech and education, and becoming their own
advocates, is a very big, big area of growth and exciting change.
Because I was a '50s girl­you didn't talk about nothin'! Everything
was a big secret.

What message do you share with people about recovering from a
devastating loss, such as the suicide of a loved one?

You have to get down to basics like grieving, and eating and sleeping
and having a social life. As far as I'm concerned, doing that is a
very political statement. To go into the world and say, "I deserve to
have a happy, joyous and free life, and I'm not going to let these
dark shadows destroy me." It's very political­personal politics
involved... It's like putting the oxygen on yourself before you try
to help the other people in the plane. You have to find a way to go
through the grief and to come out the other side. It doesn't matter
that it will happen again­of course, it happens all the time­but you
have to educate yourself and develop your survival skills. Every
person in the world has to find a way to survive the planet, because
it's not easy.

What else is coming up besides your album release and Café Carlyle shows?

I have a lot of upcoming events, including hospital visits. We went
to the Children's Hospital in Denver to do a presentation and took
them about 25 books. I was in that Children's Hospital myself when I
was 10, with polio, so I have a connection with the hospital and am
happy to support them.
We're doing Glastonbury in England in June, and then I'm going to
France for a concert. I'm doing a big AARP concert in October with
Crosby, Stills and Nash and Richie Havens...their big yearly
convention, in Orlando, and we're the­whatever you call it­the
"keynote singers."
My book that's coming out in 2011 is coming along very well. It's
called Sweet Judy Blue Eyes. It's a memoir. The subtitle is Sex,
Drugs, Rock & Roll and the Music That Changed a Civilization.

So music and art can change a civilization?

Oh, absolutely.

.

The Return of Reefer Madness

The Return of Reefer Madness

http://www.eastbayexpress.com/ebx/the-return-of-reefer-madness/Content?oid=1661015

A growing number of East Bay cities have banned or are considering
bans on medical marijuana dispensaries because of outdated, bogus fears.

By Robert Gammon
March 24, 2010

Californians have recognized that cannabis is a legitimate medicine
since 1996. That year, state voters legalized pot for medicinal
purposes. But a decade and a half later, there's a growing backlash
against pot in the liberal East Bay. An increasing number of cities
have banned or on the cusp of banning medical marijuana dispensaries.
And they're doing it based on out-of-date and unfounded fears
reminiscent of the Reefer Madness scare of the 1930s.

Hayward decided to reject medical marijuana dispensaries last month
after the city's police union lobbied hard against them. And in the
coming weeks, the City of Alameda may ban pot clubs outright. In
addition, the county of Contra Costa and several East Bay cities,
including Antioch, Brentwood, Concord, Oakley, Pinole, Pleasant Hill,
and San Pablo all have banned them in the past several years.
Although the 1996 voter initiative legalized medical marijuana, state
law still allows cities and counties to prohibit the sale of it.

In the East Bay, cities are closing their borders to medical pot
dispensaries in large part on the belief that they're magnets for
crime. But there is little evidence to support that claim. For
example, Alameda city officials who want to ban cannabis are pointing
to a "white paper" published last year by the California Police
Chief's Association and endorsed by numerous law enforcement
officials around the state, including Contra Costa County District
Attorney Bob Kochly. But a closer examination of the report reveals
that it is deeply flawed and establishes no proof that medical
marijuana facilities attract any more crime than other businesses.

Instead, the report highlights a few salacious crimes related to a
handful of medical marijuana facilities, and warns that they attract
"organized criminal gangs" and that some club operators "have been
murdered by armed robbers both at their storefronts and homes." But
the report makes no mention of similar crimes affecting other legal businesses.

Moreover, the report focuses on pot clubs in communities that have
failed to establish regulations on how they should operate, while
ignoring the experiences of cities ­ including Berkeley and Oakland ­
that have adopted strict rules for medical marijuana facilities. The
white paper and officials in cities that have banned pot clubs have
failed to note that the medical marijuana facilities in both Berkeley
and Oakland have generated almost no crime at all since those cities
adopted their straightforward regulatory schemes.

In fact, the police departments in both cities say medical pot
facilities now pose virtually no problems nor are they diverting
precious resources away from crime-fighting. "We haven't seen any
issues involving medical marijuana dispensaries," said Oakland police
spokeswoman Holly Joshi. "They're not generating a lot of calls for
service," said Berkeley police spokesman Andrew Frankel. "And they're
not a drain on resources."

Berkeley Mayor Tom Bates and City Councilman Kriss Worthington, who
often disagree on city issues, both agree that the three sanctioned
medical marijuana dispensaries in the city have had virtually no
crime associated with them. "The problem is that there's a perception
among people that the dispensaries attract crime," Bates said, "but
that hasn't been our experience."

"I can't remember getting a single phone call from anybody about
crime or other problems with the dispensary in my district," said
Worthington, who said many residents and business owners expressed
fears before the dispensary opened. "But I have gotten calls from
people who said, 'Yeah, you were right ­ they don't cause any problems.'"

In Oakland, Councilwoman Rebecca Kaplan said that both police and
neighbors of medical marijuana facilities now welcome them. "When we
talk to police about the regulated dispensaries," Kaplan said, "they
tell us that they're not just having less crime, they're attracting
zero crime."

A complaint often heard in cities that have banned medical pot clubs
or are considering banning them is that residents and businesses
don't want them in their neighborhoods. "At this time, staff is
unable to identify any locations in Alameda that staff believes the
community would deem to be acceptable," Alameda Interim City Manager
Ann Marie Gallant wrote in a report earlier this month, calling for a
ban on pot clubs in her city ­ a proposal the city council plans to
take up in the next several weeks.

But in Berkeley, many residents and businesses who opposed medical
pot dispensaries opening near them now say they're good neighbors.
One reason is that the city's three dispensaries all do an effective
job policing themselves. All employ several security guards and
enforce strict rules of behavior on their customers. So much so, that
some neighbors contend their communities are safer because of the pot
clubs' presence, Worthington said.

Likewise, in Oakland, medical pot dispensaries have become part of
the fabric of the city's blossoming Uptown District, and the club
owners are working to improve their neighborhoods and make them safer
just like other businesses. "We have cannabis dispensaries that are
members of the chamber of commerce," Kaplan noted. "We have a
cannabis dispensary operator who is the chair of his neighborhood
crime prevention council."

Another complaint lodged by city officials in both Hayward and
Alameda is that they are just too busy to come up with their own
regulatory schemes. However, neither city has looked closely at
Berkeley or Oakland nor have they seriously considered adopting their
successful regulations. Moreover, the decision by cities to ban pot
clubs only makes it more difficult for sick people to obtain medicine
that gives them relief.

However, the bans are not all bad. In fact, they're helping the
cash-strapped City of Oakland. That's because Oakland taxes medical
marijuana sales and so if other cities force patients to travel to
Oakland to get medicine, then it brings in more revenue, noted
Kaplan, who co-authored the city's 2008 tax measure. In other words,
not only are East Bay cities banning pot clubs out of unfounded
fears, but they're harming their own ability to raise funds during
one the worst economic downturns since the last time the country was
engulfed by Reefer Madness.

.

Fab Four FAQ 2.0

Book Review:
Fab Four FAQ 2.0:
The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970-1980
by Robert Rodriguez

http://blogcritics.org/books/article/book-review-fab-four-faq-20/

Author: Kit O'Toole
Mar 23, 2010

What were Paul McCartney's most underrated songs? Which George
Harrison tunes failed to reach the top ten? How many times did John
Lennon appear on The Beatles' solo albums? Which songs include Ringo
Starr's best drumming?

Fans who enjoy pondering and debating these questions will find a
kindred spirit in Robert Rodriguez, who discusses these topics and
more in Fab Four 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970-1980. A companion
to his previous book, Fab Four FAQ: Everything Left to Know About the
Beatles…and More! (co-authored with Stuart Shea), Fab Four FAQ 2.0
focuses on the Beatles' solo years, jam-packed with history,
little-known facts, and controversial topics. In his introduction,
Rodriguez states that his goal is to create a "quadruple biography"
that would be told in stand-alone chapters. Readers can select
chapters addressing themes of interest rather than reading the entire
book in one sitting. Like its predecessor, Fab Four FAQ 2.0 is best
enjoyed in this manner; reading such massive information at one time
could prove daunting.

Hard core fans will appreciate Rodriguez's attention to detail,
providing background stories on well-known and more obscure tracks.
As a fan, I find it fascinating that I learn new facts about the
group every day, and this book offers such new information. For
example I had no idea that Harrison once played on a Cheech and Chong
single, or that he first offered "It Don't Come Easy" to Badfinger
rather than Starr. A chapter detailing the worst-performing solo
singles reveals some surprises; today, it's difficult to believe that
the 1970 Lennon classic "Mother" peaked at only 43 on the charts, or
that Harrison's pop-friendly "Love Comes to Everyone," released in
1979, failed to chart at all. These revelations make Fab Four FAQ 2.0
an interesting read for any Beatles enthusiast.

One element missing from the book is an extensive bibliography.
Rodriguez obviously underwent a massive research process to uncover
obscure information, but he provides only a brief, selected list of
sources at the end. Although the complete list would probably
comprise man more pages, it would have been helpful for researchers
to locate Rodriguez's sources. In additions, footnotes would have
better distinguished facts versus opinion ­ at times I found it
difficult to discern the author's thoughts from material culled from
other sources. Again, detailed notes would enable Beatles fanciers to
find certain books or articles Rodriguez cited.

Despite these issues, Fab Four 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years,
1970-1980 serves as a welcome addition to any Beatles library. It
functions as a companion to other reference books in that it fills in
some information gaps. On a lighter note, it should also spark
spirited discussions among fans. Although the fact bookstore shelves
are already packed with Beatles-themed books, Rodriguez demonstrates
that people still have much to learn about the legendary band and the
members' solo careers.

The book's official website contains exclusive material not included
in the book, a blog, a forum, and useful links. For information on
the first book, Fab Four FAQ, visit its accompanying website.

http://www.fabfourfaq2.com/
http://www.fabfourfaq.com/home.asp

.

Bill Ayers' talk kept quiet at Pitt

[2 articles]

Ayers' talk kept quiet at Pitt

http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/pittsburgh/s_673673.html

By Craig Smith
Saturday, March 27, 2010

Perhaps the parents and prospective students touring the University
of Pittsburgh's student union Friday afternoon didn't notice the
police standing guard at the entrance, where about 150 students
gathered for a spring conference.

They were there waiting to hear 1960s leftist radical William Ayers,
co-founder of the Weather Underground, a group that bombed banks and
government buildings and Pittsburgh's Gulf Tower, Downtown. The
Council of Graduate Students of Education invited Ayers to be its
keynote speaker, but closed the event in the William Pitt Union
ballroom to the public.

University officials tried to downplay the speech by refusing to
disclose its location or even the time.

"It could be anywhere, anytime," spokesman John Fedele said. A
program for the event said Ayers would speak between 4:15 and 5:30 p.m.

"It's a bold move on Pitt's part," said Lucy Rankin, 20, of Erie, a
film and religious studies major.

Many students weren't aware of the speech.

"That would be interesting. Probably a lot of students missed it,"
said Mike Sayers, a psychology grad student from Redondo Beach, Calif.

Ayers, 65, was the second member of the Weather Underground to speak
at Pitt this month. Mark Rudd, a former leader of Students for a
Democratic Society and Weather Underground, spoke March 3 in the
Public Health Auditorium at the invitation of Pitt's chapter of
Students for a Democratic Society, or SDS.

The Weather Underground, sometimes known as The Weathermen, formed in
1969 as an offshoot of SDS and issued a "Declaration of a State of
War" against the government in 1970. The group carried out more than
a dozen bombings between 1970 and 1974, one of which killed a policeman.

"We thought we who lived in the metropolis of empire had a special
duty to oppose our own imperialism and to resist our own government's
imperial dreams," Ayers wrote this month in his blog.

About 100 students attended Rudd's speech, along with others "from
the far left to moderate Democrats," said Jordan Romanus, the Pitt
SDS chapter president.

He was surprised to learn about Ayers' talk. "That's news to me.
That's news to everybody in my group," he said. "There's no fliers
... nothing on campus."

Romanus, 22, of Waynesburg doesn't believe there's a fascination on
campus with aging '60s radicals.

"I can't speak for the other organization but we brought him in to
talk about student organizing. We don't advocate bombing or killing
anybody," said Romanus. "Shutting down Columbia (University) for four
days was effective."

The SDS virtually shut down Columbia University in New York from
April 23 -27, 1968, during an anti-war protest.

Asked whether his group planned to try any such thing at Pitt,
Romanus said: "No, I want to graduate."

Ayers spoke in December at Penn State Altoona. His appearance there
drew complaints from people in the largely Republican area, said
Marissa Carney, a university spokeswoman.

"The college did receive several e-mails and phone calls over the
fact that we were hosting William Ayers," she said. "There were some
protests ... but we proceeded, and there were no problems."

Pitt received calls of concern about yesterday's speech, Fedele said.
No protesters appeared.

Ayers, an education professor at the University of Illinois at
Chicago, acknowledged in his memoirs that he participated in bombings
of the New York City police headquarters in 1970, the U.S. Capitol in
1971 and the Pentagon in 1972. He was indicted on charges of
conspiring to bomb police stations and government buildings. Those
charges were dropped in 1974 because of illegal surveillance.

The Weather Underground took credit for the June 13, 1974, bombing of
the Gulf Tower. The bomb exploded at 9:41 p.m., 18 minutes after a
caller identifying himself as a member of the organization called the
Gulf switchboard and warned a bomb would explode.

The blast caused an estimated $1 million in damage to the building's
29th floor. Although seven men, including a Pittsburgh fire captain
investigating the bomb threat, were trapped in an elevator for about
40 minutes after the explosion, no one was injured. No arrests were made.

In a letter to The Associated Press, the Weather Underground accused
Gulf Oil Corp. of committing "enormous crimes" by drilling oil in
Angola and paying royalties to the Portuguese government, which
controlled the then-colony.
--

Craig Smith is a Pittsburgh Tribune-Review staff writer and can be
reached at 412-380-5646 or csmith@tribweb.com .

--------

Founder of radical Weather Underground to speak at Pitt

http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/pittsburgh/s_672920.html

By Chris Togneri
Tuesday, March 23, 2010

University of Pittsburgh officials will not say how much radical
leftist William Ayers will be paid to speak at a campus event Friday
that is closed to the public but generating controversy nonetheless.

Graduate students invited Ayers, co-founder of the radical Weather
Underground, to deliver a keynote speech at the 16th annual Council
of Graduate Students in Education Student Research Conference. The
evening event is "invitation only," university spokesman John Fedele
said Monday.

"It's an educational event; it's designed for the students," he said.
"Outsiders would have a tendency to be distracting to that goal."

Some Pitt students, graduates and past employees said they are
outraged that Ayers is invited to the Oakland campus.

"This guy is a domestic American terrorist who never should have been
allowed to become an expert on education because he should have been
in prison," said Mike Vargo, a professor of military science at Pitt
from 2004 to 2006.

"Are we going to bring in (accused 9/11 mastermind) Khalid Sheikh
Mohammed if he gets released? ... This is outrageous," Vargo said.
"The guy is a coward, a traitor and an enemy of America."

Ayers, 65, did not respond to requests for comment. Student council
president Lou Sabina did not answer calls or e-mails.

In his memoirs, Ayers acknowledged participating in bombings of the
New York City police headquarters in 1970, the U.S. Capitol in 1971
and the Pentagon in 1972. He was indicted on charges of conspiring to
bomb police stations and government buildings. Those charges were
dropped in 1974 because of illegal surveillance.

Dan Garcia, a Pitt law student and chairman of the Allegheny County
Young Republicans, said his organization met to discuss Ayers'
speech. Members are concerned, Garcia said, that a publicly funded
university would pay for Ayers to visit but bar the public from
listening to him.

"He's got a right to speak, (but) where is the money coming from?"
Garcia said. "A lot of people have severe heartburn with that."

Fedele said the school would not disclose how much Ayers will be paid.

The payment will be covered by funds from the budget of the Council
of Graduate Students in Education, "and not from general university
funds," Fedele said.

Alan Lesgold, dean of Pitt's School of Education, said the student
council invited Ayers to speak because the education professor at
University of Illinois at Chicago is an expert on education policies
­ not because of his radical past.

"He has been trying to understand why it's so hard to educate certain
people in urban settings, and that's a really big problem," Lesgold
said. "... We're not honoring this guy. It's for people who are
interested in that kind of research."

Among acts for which the Weather Underground took credit was the June
13, 1974, bombing of one of Pittsburgh's iconic skyscrapers, the Gulf
Tower. The explosion injured no one but caused significant damage to
the building's 29th floor.

Lesgold said he anticipated "some level of reaction" to Ayers' visit.

"When the students came to me, I needed to make sure they were
concerned with his ideas and not about making a splash," he said.
"When a group of students say they'd like to hear from a particular
speaker, we try very hard not to censor that activity."

Lesgold added: "We're not in the business of politics. We're in the
business of evaluating ideas and testing them."

.